Abstract
This study aimed to analyze LA Metro’s GoPass program, examining its usage patterns, participant characteristics, role in ridership recovery, and impact on students’ attendance. It also investigated free and discounted student transit pass programs across California and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. GoPass constituted 12.3% of LA Metro’s 2022 bus tap boardings, a significant portion amid a 33.4% overall ridership decrease compared to 2019. Spatial regression showed higher GoPass usage in areas with more young males and Asian residents, denser transit stops, mixed land use, and better transit access to participating schools. MUSD schools showed improved attendance in 2023 compared to 2022, particularly in intermediate schools. GoPass usage was highest among high schoolers, and increased use correlated with improved attendance, especially for minority and economically disadvantaged students, suggesting reduced absenteeism. Elementary and intermediate schools showed mixed attendance results. Our 2024 survey of transit agencies reveal that 38 agencies participating in both the 2019 and 2024 surveys expanded their student pass programs post-pandemic to boost ridership. LA Metro’s GoPass, a leading example adopted by agencies like Santa Monica, Long Beach Transit, and Gardena (GTrans), has a positive impact on ridership. Understanding the usage and characteristics of GoPass riders, both before and during the pandemic, is crucial for enhancing current fare-based incentive programs. These insights can also guide other transit agencies in developing similar initiatives to boost ridership and support students’ access to transportation.