conference paper Scheduled Bus Route Short Turning Operations and Substitution by Transportation Network Company Services 102nd Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2023 Publication Date January 1, 2023 Author(s) Negin Shariat, R. (Jay) Jayakrishnan Suggested Citation Negin Shariat and R. Jayakrishnan (2023) “Scheduled Bus Route Short Turning Operations and Substitution by Transportation Network Company Services”. 102nd Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2023.