Category: Spotlight Series

Professor and Executive Vice Chair, Emergency Medicine 
School of Medicine

How did you become interested in transportation?  

My father was an auto mechanic; my mom was a nurse. I grew up in and around cars and healthcare. Although I love vehicles and how they work, I pursued medicine. Specifically, motor vehicle and traffic safety research.  

I completed my emergency medicine residency here at UC Irvine and also completed a Medical Fellowship at the U.S. DOT’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in Washington, DC. As a young emergency medicine faculty member at UCI, I cared for a lot of trauma injured patients from motor vehicles, cycling, and motorcycle crashes. As a result, I was driven to go beyond the doors of the emergency department and into communities to see what I could do to help prevent serious injuries. 

My earliest transportation and traffic safety work started with examining the needs of child passenger/occupant safety among Latino children and their families that would end up in our emergency department. This led to broader work in collaborative relationships in Latino communities focused on prevention education here in Southern California. The community based approach and bilingual nature of working to enhance health literacy in traffic safety and injury prevention changed my whole career.  

What drew you to UCI or ITS Irvine?  

I was here at UC Irvine as a faculty member in the School of Medicine for about 13 years. In that time, my research focused on motor vehicle occupant protection, teen driver behavior, health disparities, and crash-injury epidemiology. In each of these areas, I worked with the Latino community at large.   

I was recruited away in 2009 to the Yale School of Medicine and I continued my research in the Northeast. In mid-2022, I was recruited back to UCI and on my arrival, I immediately wanted to make a connection with the prestigious ITS-Irvine. Thankfully the leadership was interested in learning more about my transportation and traffic safety work. I felt like there was an immediate spark. I was asked to speak at their research symposium and help with their very first Transportation Safety Colloquium which was a great success. 

If you could give incoming students one piece of career advice, what would it be?  

I would say to take a dive deep into really understanding the scope of transportation and what transportation science offers across the spectrum. Get an understanding of the breadth of transportation science. Transportation is in the foreground, middle ground, and background of our lives; it’s central to living. 

What are your research interests and what types of your projects are you currently working on? 

The majority of my work over time has been in motor vehicle crash injury epidemiology with more specific sub-areas of investigation including crash injury prevention, young driver behavior, impaired driving, and related health disparities. I have been conducting research and program work in these areas for nearly 25 years. 

What do you consider your most significant research finding or accomplishment thus far?   

I would say that this would be some of the more recent NIH funded work that my colleagues and I have been examining, including understanding the teen delay in driving licensure phenomena and how this might impact youth and what that could mean for later health, education and employment. 

Other notable work deals with what we call RWI and DWI, that is, riding with impaired drivers and driving while impaired. We’ve all heard a lot about DWI prevention programs for teens and those focused on reducing underage drinking, and those are all incredibly important, but there’s less known about this RWI. 

We’ve conducted some large national mixed methods work, looking at trajectories of high school teens when and if they do or do not engage in RWI and DWI, and what that means for their choice in health behaviors as they move forward in life. 

What issues in transportation keep you up at night?  

Having practiced emergency medicine for 30 years and taking care of thousands of people that have been in motor vehicle crashes, my mind is always thinking about how we bolster and more deeply integrate injury prevention into day-to-day clinical care, even in the emergency department. I’m also always thinking about how we can move the research that has already been done more effectively into the light of translation for prevention activities and programs so that our communities can reap tangible benefits. I also fully realize that there is just so much complexity here but trying to disentangle some of these issues is what intrigues me most about transportation and traffic safety.  

Also, the traffic safety world owes so much to vehicle safety engineering. However, the engineering piece is far from done and I believe there is much prevention gain to be had as we continue to merge safety engineering and health behavior together in the traffic safety space. There is a lot of room for innovation here.  

Is there someone or something that inspired you to do your work?   

My inspiration first came from my parents. My mom was a nurse and had a passion for the well-being of all of her patients and for closely working with physicians to deliver high quality care. My dad taught me so many things about vehicle upkeep and safety. What inspired me beyond that, was my clinical practice in emergency medicine and taking care of my patients. 

What is a fun fact about you?   

Before high school, I also got into roller speed skating. It was quite competitive. I actually got quite good and competed in the regional championships and won. That was a long time ago.  

What is your superpower?   

Given the trajectory of my own career and my experiences along the way, I might say that my superpower is effectively mentoring students, young physicians in training, and young faculty. I truly enjoy engaging with students and young faculty and discussing their career development and future plans. 

Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering

How did you become interested in transportation? And what interests you most right now?

I became interested in transportation while studying Applied Mathematics at UC Davis, seeing it as a way to apply mathematical models to real-world problems. Currently, I’m most interested in developing innovative approaches to collect and analyze large-scale traffic data while prioritizing privacy.

What drew you to UCI/ITS-Irvine? What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI/ITS-Irvine?

I was drawn to UCI for its world-class transportation program and the Institute of Transportation Studies’ comprehensive approach. What I appreciate most is the academic freedom at UCI. This allows me to explore diverse research interests, from technical aspects to economic and social dimensions of transportation.

If you could give incoming students one piece of career advice, what would it be? 

Approach your field with a holistic perspective. In transportation, consider multiple angles – technical aspects, economic impacts, and social implications. Understanding how these interconnect can lead to more innovative solutions and a fulfilling career.

What are your research interests?

My research interests focus on developing innovative methods for collecting and analyzing large-scale traffic data while maintaining privacy, creating mathematical models for safe and human-like automated driving, and investigating the intersections of engineering, economics, and social aspects of transportation.

What do you consider your most significant research finding or accomplishment thus far? 

My most significant research accomplishment is developing the Generalized Bathtub Model, inspired by William Vickrey’s work. This model offers a novel approach to analyzing large-scale traffic patterns by focusing on macro-level inflow and outflow of traffic.

What are your other plans for future research?

My future research plans aim to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of transportation systems, leading to technically sound, economically viable, and socially beneficial solutions.

What issues in transportation keep you up at night?

Three critical issues in transportation keep me up at night:

• Privacy: Balancing the benefits of data-driven transportation improvements with the need to protect individual privacy.
• Equity: Ensuring that new transportation technologies (like high occupancy toll lanes) don’t exacerbate existing inequalities.
• Safety: Addressing new safety challenges introduced by automated vehicles and shared mobility options.

Is there someone or something that has inspired you?

A significant inspiration for my work has been the late Professor William Vickrey from Columbia University. His first principles-based approach to understanding urban traffic flow, particularly his work on traffic patterns in Midtown Manhattan, aligns closely with my research philosophy of seeking novel approaches to longstanding challenges in transportation.

What are you watching right now?

I enjoy a diverse range of content on YouTube. This variety often leads to unexpected connections and ideas that enrich my approach to transportation research, reflecting the complex, multifaceted nature of modern transportation challenges.

What are you reading right now?

I’m currently reading ‘Development as Freedom’ by Amartya Sen. Sen’s approach to development economics, emphasizing the importance of individual freedoms and capabilities, offers interesting parallels to transportation planning and policy. His ideas about how various factors interconnect to affect human welfare resonate with my view of transportation as a complex system influencing many aspects of life.

What is a fun fact about you?

I train both hands for badminton, allowing me to adapt my game to different opponents. I use my advanced right hand against skilled players and my beginner left hand against less experienced ones.

What is something about you that most people don’t know?

Most people don’t know that I’m practicing Tai Chi while simultaneously developing a mathematical model for it. This endeavor exemplifies my belief in holistic approaches, which I apply to both personal life and transportation research. It challenges me to think across disciplines, combining physics, biomechanics, and traditional Chinese philosophy with advanced mathematics.

What is your superpower?

My superpower is creating mathematical models that capture the essence of diverse, complex systems. This modeling superpower has led to significant contributions like the Generalized Bathtub Model for urban traffic flow. It allows me to bridge abstract mathematics and real-world applications, contributing to innovative solutions across various domains, from transportation to personal wellness practices like Tai Chi.

Professor (Joint Appointment) Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Samueli School of Engineering

How did you become interested in transportation? What interests you most right now?  

I am a computer engineer by training. Since 2009, I have been concentrating on cyber physical systems. In cyber physical systems, more software and embedded computers are becoming integrated into the transportation system or becoming “smart”. With that, the intersections and control systems are becoming more software centric. 

I became more interested in transportation as an application. Specifically, I was  fascinated with the integration of technology – new vulnerabilities, policies and opportunities; the transportation challenges, how technology is helping, how technology can create challenges. Right now, I am working on the security aspects of transportation.

What are ITS-Irvine’s strengths? 

I came to UCI in 2012. Although I am from the electrical engineering department, I found it’s an inter-disciplinary research area. We have ideas that are similar, maybe we speak different languages, but eventually the problems we are trying to solve are solved together.

ITS-Irvine’s strength is its multidisciplinary nature. The people in ITS have interesting perspectives and have different expertise. Many faculty come from different backgrounds. I think that’s ITS’ biggest strength. 

If you could give incoming students one piece of career advice, what would it be?

I strongly believe that students should concentrate on their foundation. As an undergraduate or graduate student, having a strong foundation is very important. Be aware of new technologies, but not at the cost of foundational knowledge.  

What are your research interests and what types of projects are you currently working on?

My research interests are new technologies into transportation systems. Hardware, sensors like LiDAR, camera, or other technologies that are getting integrated and how these things can help into the safety and security of the transportation system.

As an example, I am currently working on a road intersection security project – increasing the safety of intersections. There are new machine learning and AI algorithms people are trying to integrate with intersections for identification. These technologies are also making intersections vulnerable to the outside world. I’m looking very carefully at these new technologies and the integration of these technologies into the transportation system for bringing human safety to the intersection and transportation system.

What are your plans for future research? 

I plan to continue working on the intersection of machine learning, security sensors, and transportation safety.

What issues in transportation keep you up at night?  

The security aspect of transportation keeps me up at night. On one hand, I’m excited that new technologies are getting into the transportation systems, but I’m scared that if we don’t integrate these technologies in a meaningful and understandable way, because this is a critical infrastructure, it could be detrimental. 

Transportation isn’t something that, if it’s not working, can be changed overnight. 

We have to make sure that safety is the first priority in every technology integration. I am also concerned that if any entity wants to find a critical infrastructure vulnerability and wants to harm the nation or can create economic, social and many other serious consequences. Safety and security of critical infrastructure like transportation are of utmost importance.  

What is your superpower? 

Determination. If I want to achieve something, I’ll do it. No matter how hard it is, I’ll figure it out. 

Assistant Professor Civil and Environmental Engineering

How did you become interested in transportation? And what interests you most right now? 

In short, what first interested me in transportation was my frustration with untimed traffic signals and congestion on the Interstate highway as a child. 

I am from a suburb a few miles east of the City of Pittsburgh. Congestion in Pittsburgh is not terrible, but the city has several tunnels on the Interstate that are huge bottlenecks despite having the same number of lanes as the non-tunnel portions of the highway. I wanted to understand why these tunnels cause congestion and how to fix it.  

Right now, I am interested in recent, emerging, and future innovations in the transportation space. I am particularly interested in driverless vehicles and shared mobility services, including ride-hailing, ride-pooling, robo-taxis, and shared micromobility (i.e., shared bikes and scooters). 

My research focuses on improving the design and operational efficiency of these shared mobility services and understanding their potential impacts on travelers and society.

What drew you to UCI/ITS-Irvine? What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI/ITS-Irvine?

When I interviewed here at UCI, I was impressed with the graduate students I met, the collegiality of the faculty in ITS and Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE), and the breadth of transportation courses associated with the transportation undergraduate and graduate programs. 

After six years, I can say that my initial assessment was quite accurate. Our ITS graduate students are great; the ITS and CEE faculty are not only collegial but truly supportive, particularly when a fellow faculty member is facing challenging times; and I still believe we offer the best combination of graduate-level courses in transportation systems in the country.

If you could give incoming students one piece of career advice, what would it be?

For graduate students, choose a research topic that is both intellectually interesting AND important. To clarify what I mean by “important,” I will paraphrase Dimitris Bertsimas: If somehow you were entirely successful in answering your research question, will the answer actually impact the world around you (or our collective understanding of the world)? If the answer to that question is “no”, the research question is not worth pursuing. 

More practically, I find there is another benefit of pursuing research questions that are externally important. Research is challenging and my confidence in my abilities and research approach can wane during a project, but when I know that my research results could impact the world around me it is easier to push through.

What are your research interests and what types of projects are you currently working on?

Over the past three years, I have had several projects related to microtransit services and their relationship with fixed-route transit. We developed an agent-based simulation model that captures the dynamic relationship between the demand for transit services (microtransit and fixed-route transit) and the performance of these transit services. Among other features of the simulation model, it outputs a wide-range of useful metrics for a transit agency interested in microtransit, including mode share, vehicle miles traveled, change in mobility, accessibility to jobs, operational cost, and subsidy per transit user.  

Currently, we are using data from transit agencies in Sacramento and Atlanta, and from the San Diego Association of Governments to calibrate the model based on existing microtransit and fixed-route transit services.

Once we calibrate the model, we plan to evaluate a number of important integrated micro-transit and fixed-route transit design variables, including fare structure, fare values, microtransit fleet size, microtransit service region(s), and transit frequency. 

What do you consider your most significant research finding or accomplishment thus far? What are the next steps in this research/what do you have planned?

My most ambitious (i.e., high-risk, high-reward) research to date is the work I did with my former PhD student Navjyoth Sarma. We introduced a completely new concept that we called network flow shareability, which we define as “the extent to which travelers within a subregion can overlap in time and space on physical links in the subregion’s road network.” We also introduced a mathematical programming model to operationalize this definition. Finally, we partially validated the model by showing that as our measure of network flow shareability for an area increases, so does the efficiency of a last-mile transit feeder service operating in the area.

Going forward, we believe the model can help design both fixed-route transit networks and integrated microtransit and fixed-route transit systems. 

What are your other plans for future research?

I have an upcoming project with Waymo–the current leader in robo-taxi service in the United States. I will be doing some modeling and simulation work for them. 

I am also working on a new project for the California Air Resources Board (CARB). We are building a tool for them to help forecast the potential accessibility improvements of synergistic small-scale infrastructure and mobility investments in disadvantaged communities. This project definitely meets both the “intellectually interesting” and “important” criteria I mentioned earlier. We need to figure out how to incorporate small investments (e.g. tree shade on a few sidewalks, bike lanes, etc.) into our forecasting model. If we can address this challenge, the research project can really help CARB evaluate and select proposals to fund with taxpayer money.

What are you watching right now?

The Olympics! I really enjoy the Olympics–especially basketball. I remember watching them with my parents, siblings, and cousins when I was six. Of course, we were making up our own athletic competitions and competing during commercial breaks. Go Team USA!

How did you become interested in transportation? And what interests you most right now?

I became interested in transportation by following a trail of interests that initially had very little to do with transportation. I earned my bachelor’s degree with a double major in anthropology and English and my master’s degree in civil engineering with a specialization in structures and materials. From there, I wanted to continue my education and simultaneously find a way to combine my passions for society and the built environment. While researching doctoral programs, I discovered the specialization of human travel behavior housed within civil engineering. I was attracted to the intersection of systems design and the human experience. My interests continue to grow in the direction of transportation equity, environmental justice, and social change.

What drew you to UCI/ITS-Irvine? What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI/ITS-Irvine?

I was drawn to UCI because of the Black Thriving Initiative, which is a campus-wide interdisciplinary commitment to advancing the wellbeing of Black individuals and communities across the country through research, teaching, and service. It was the first program of its kind that I had encountered. With the help of significant encouragement from faculty, family, and friends, I worked up the courage to apply and began the process that led me to UCI. I am grateful to now be part of ITS-Irvine, which contributes to the Black Thriving Initiative, because the faculty are very supportive; they maintain positive relationships with each other and honor a healthy work-life balance.

What are your research interests and what types of projects are you currently working on?

My research has examined transportation behavior during disasters and the role of social infrastructure in facilitating the sharing of rides and resources. Within a few months of joining UCI, I started a project in collaboration with the local non-profit organization Climate Resolve examining transportation access to resilience hubs in Los Angeles. I am drawn to the concept of resilience hubs as community-based spaces that provide essential resources to the public during both day-to-day conditions and extreme events. The goal of this initial project is to ensure that these hubs remain accessible during climate hazards, especially for individuals who do not drive a personal vehicle.

What issues in transportation keep you up at night?

The main transportation issues that keep me up at night are economic inequity and the constraints that places on where people can live and work and how they can travel; the impacts of climate disasters and what we can do to better prepare for them; and how we can design mobility systems that better support the innate human desire to help one other in times of need.

 

How did you become interested in transportation? And what interests you most right now?

I had a knack for understanding travel patterns (like traffic signal preemption and memorizing signal timing in my hometown). This ignited my curiosity about designing and evaluating transportation systems. That early knack for patterns now fuels my research on integrating electric vehicles into the grid. It’s about understanding not just traffic flows but also energy flows and designing systems that are both sustainable and smart. With every line of code and every equation, I’m striving to create a transportation future that leaves no one behind—a future where getting around is simply part of living a healthy, sustainable life.

What drew you to UCI/ITS-Irvine? What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI/ITS-Irvine?

What attracted me to UCI/ITS-Irvine wasn’t just the top-notch research but also the chance to work with people from different fields. Here, I can team up with urban planners, public health experts, energy scientists, and economists. My own research connects two very different areas—transportation and power systems—and needs a variety of specialists to tackle it. That’s where UCI/ITS-Irvine shines. Our researchers don’t stick to one method; they use many different tools and work closely with government agencies, all while producing research that matters around the world. From activity-based models, inductive loop detectors, and freight electrification, amazing things happen at UCI/ITS-Irvine, especially when we team up with UCI partners like APEP.

If you could give incoming students one piece of career advice, what would it be? Or, what was the best piece of advice you received?

Transportation is a dynamic field, as are we. Embrace lifelong learning by venturing beyond ITS and CEE. You’ll be surprised by what you might learn from urban planners, data scientists, or other engineers. Remember, ambiguity and change are inevitable, but structure them around a long-term vision. Set goals for yourself, but allow for adjustments as you discover new passions and opportunities. Seek guidance from mentors, attend seminars, and explore online resources. At UCI/ITS-Irvine, we have a vibrant community of lifelong learners, and we’re here to support you every step of the way.

What are your research interests and what types of projects are you currently working on?

I’m deeply invested in vehicle-grid integration, focusing on the interplay between human behavior, regional policies, and innovative business models. This year, with my GSR Angela Yun, we’re delving into ‘charging-as-a-service’, analyzing stakeholder experiences with this pay-as-you-use service model. Additionally, I’m developing integrated transportation-power system models to test smart-charging algorithms across vehicle fleets and exploring reverse causal models for clean energy technology acceptance.

What is a fun fact about you?

I’ve been bobsledding.

 

What is your UCI degree, and when did or do you expect to receive it? 

PhD 2018

If you know, what are your post-graduation plans; or what are your career goals in general? 

Faculty member at McGill University

Who is/was your advisor? 

R. Jayakrishnan

What drew you to UCI?  What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI? 

Reputation of UCI and ITS-Irvine, funding support, location, and weather

How did you become interested in transportation?  And what interests you most right now? 

As someone naturally curious and deeply interested in a wide array of subjects, I find transportation engineering to be the perfect fit for my inquisitive nature. This field stands as a uniquely comprehensive area within engineering, intricately woven into virtually every facet of society. It is not merely a technical discipline; it intersects profoundly with critical societal elements like environmental sustainability, energy efficiency, and public health. Transportation engineering plays a pivotal role in promoting social equity, preserving historical contexts, and influencing political and policy decisions. Moreover, it is integral to effective urban planning and management, reflecting its vast scope and significance in our daily lives. My current focus, particularly in the realm of human-machine transportation systems, is a direct continuation of my dissertation research. This focus aligns seamlessly with my interest in exploring the dynamic interactions between humans and advanced transport technologies. Therefore, transportation engineering resonates deeply with me, offering a rich platform to engage with my broad interests and to contribute significantly to this vital field.

What drew you to UCI/ITS-Irvine?  What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI/ITS-Irvine? 

Funding opportunities, kind people

Is there anyone at ITS-Irvine who has been particularly helpful, memorable, or supportive? 

• R. Jayakrishnan (helped me a lot about my PhD work and my faculty application) Sarah Hernandez (significantly enhanced the social vibe of ITS-Irvine)
• Victoria Valentine Deguzman (very supportive about my job applications and professional networking)
• Michael F. Hyland (very supportive about my postdoc research and my faculty application)

Are there any programs or activities at ITS-Irvine that you particularly enjoy or find useful? 

The ITS-Irvine programs encouraged me to take a business school course on decision-making, which I am really grateful about.

If you could give students one piece of advice, what would it be?  Or, what was the best piece of advice you received? 

Have a goal, lay a wide and solid foundation for that goal, be patient, and enjoy the journey

What are your research interests and what types of projects are you currently working on? 

I am interested in synergizing human intelligence and machine intelligence for resilient infrastructure and sustainable mobility services. The research projects I am working on are generally on this topic.

What do you consider your most significant research finding or accomplishment thus far?  What are the next steps in this research/what do you have planned? 

Developed a paradigm/research domain of “human-machine transportation systems.” My next steps are to obtain fundings and develop programs for continuing development of this research topic.

What are your other plans for future research? 

Continue introducing and developing quantum cognition and quantum computing into the field of transportation engineering

What issues in transportation keep you up at night? 

What is REALLY a good transportation system

Is there someone or something that has inspired you? 

Amos Tversky, Richard Thaler, Jay Forrester, Donella Meadows

What are you watching right now? 

Superstore

What is your favorite book/who is your favorite author?  What are you reading right now? 

Thinking Fast & Slow by Daniel Kahneman

What is a fun fact about you? 

I was trained as a gymnast during my childhood. But I later realized that I like books a lot better.

What is something about you that most people don’t know? 

I like elevator music.

What is your superpower? 

Using analogy

What is your UCI degree? 

My UCI degrees are MSCE (Transportation) 1995 and BSCE 1993.

Who was your advisor? 

My advisor for undergraduate studies was Professor Stephen G. Ritchie and my graduate advisor was Professor Michael McNally.

What drew you to UCI?  What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI? 

I transferred from Pasadena City College to UCI in the fall of 1990 as a junior. Although I was also accepted by UC Davis, I decided to attend UCI to be closer to home (in Los Angeles).

Once I arrived at UCI, I completely immersed myself in every opportunity available, including student organizations such as ASCE, ITE, Engineering Student Council, and the campus-wide Yearbook (1992-1993) as a staff photographer.

In the early 1990s, Irvine was like a teenager – professors were encouraging, eager to experiment, and so much had not been done before.  We all had chances to try and pave our own ways.

How did you become interested in transportation?  And what interests you most right now? 

I recall being fascinated by a guest lecture (a former student of Professor Ritchie) on transportation projects, traveling, and the magnitude of impact by transportation. That lecture sparked my interests in transportation engineering. Later on, I took a course called Introduction to Social Ecology.  That class sparked my parallel interest in city planning and geography.

It’s been 30 years since I earned my BSCE. In the last 30 years, I’ve worked in public and private industry on transportation issues in addition to adjunct teaching in colleges (UCI, UCLA, USC) for a combined 23 years so far. I recently retired from 27-years of public service and established my own consulting firm while teaching transportation courses at USC. I don’t foresee myself retiring anytime soon.

What drew you to UCI/ITS-Irvine?  What do you like best/find as strengths at UCI/ITS-Irvine? 

I began working for several PhD candidates at UCI-ITS when Professor Ritchie hired me as an undergraduate research assistant. After earning BSCE myself, I received an ITS fellowship and continued my graduate studies.

Is there anyone at ITS-Irvine who has been particularly helpful, memorable, or supportive? 

I am grateful for Professor Ritchie and Professor McNally for their guidance and friendship over the last 30+ years!

Are there any programs or activities at ITS-Irvine that you particularly enjoy or find useful? 

It’s always nice to meet up with former classmates and new graduates of ITS-Irvine at the annual TRB meeting.

If you could give students one piece of advice, what would it be?  Or, what was the best piece of advice you received? 

No singular path will define who we are. Learn from others, but have the courage to chart our own trails.

What are your research interests and what types of projects are you currently working on? 

My research interests include intermodal freight and organizational leadership.

What issues in transportation keep you up at night? 

Safety, equity and security issues in transportation keep me up at night.

Is there someone or something that has inspired you? 

Mobility should be considered as a basic human right.  We, transportation professionals, need to recognize that our work has an immediate and long-lasting impact on the movements of people and goods universally.

What are you watching right now? 

I spend time on anything related to technology, travel, and history on Tik Tok.

What is a fun fact about you? 

As a professional photographer, I have ultra-sharp visual observation.

What is something about you that most people don’t know? 

I served two years of military service in the Chinese Taiwan army before I emigrated to the United States.

What is your superpower?

My superpower is capturing moments through photography to become eternity for friends.