Transit, Traffic and Affordable Housing

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

August 1, 2011 - June 30, 2012

Principal Investigator

Project Team

Dongwoo Yang, Steven Spears, Janet Cutler

Project Summary

This research investigates planning and policy approaches to promoting transit-oriented, mixed- use and infill development which accommodates the housing needs of all economic groups. Funding will support a literature review on place-based affordable housing strategies to assess (a) their potential to reduce auto dependency, promote more active travel and transit use for low- income groups and (b) whether the location of these developments may expose residents of affordable housing to potential traffic-related hazards. As feasible, funding will also support the development of a GIS database of the housing units proposed in city housing elements per state law and analysis of the location of these units in terms of transit accessibility, nearby land use mix, neighborhood walkability, and traffic exposure.

Analysis and Synthesis of Electric Vehicle and Charging Data for Multi-Mode Mobility Systems

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

July 1, 2012 - June 30, 2013

Principal Investigator

Department(s)

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Project Summary

This project will explore PEV use and charging patterns in combination with unique vehicle attributes, to address the limitations of PEV adoption as a function of EVSE availability and explore mixed-mode mobility systems that leverage PEV performance characteristics while minimizing their limitations. Specifically, this project will utilize data available from the Zero Emission Vehicle•Network Enabled Transport program in conjunction with the established Spatially and Temporally Resolved Energy and Environment Tool (STREET) to analyze mixed-mode mobility system utilizing PEVs.

Evaluating the Travel and Physical Activity Impacts of the Exposition (Expo) Light Rail Line; Leveraging Transit Investments for Community Livability and Regional Sustainability

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

July 1, 2012 - June 30, 2014

Principal Investigator

Project Summary

This research will support analysis of data collected in California’s first experimental-control, before-and-after evaluation of a major light rail transit (LRT) investment, the Exposition (Expo) line from downtown to the westside of Los Angeles. The region’s ambitious LRT construction campaign will support Senate Bill SB375 goals for greater integration of transportation and land use planning, but we know little about whether and to what degree new LRT is associated with reduced private vehicle travel and increased transit usage. In Fall 2011, we collected geographically detailed 7-day travel data for 285 households along the corridor using daily trip and vehicle odometer logs and supplemental GPS-based location tracking. We will collect comparable “after” data for the same households in Fall 2012 after the Expo line service begins in Spring 2012. The current proposal will support data coding, processing, and analysis and will inform transit planning and community development by (1) assessing the impact of Expo service on nearby private vehicle travel, transit ridership, and physical activity, (2) identifying neighborhood factors which could enhance the potential positive effects of transit proximity on bus ridership and walking, and (3) demonstrating methods for evaluating the sustainability, travel, and community impacts of major transportation projects.

An Activity-Based Assessment of the Bounds of Sustainable Alternative Transportation Futures

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

July 1, 2009 - June 30, 2015

Principal Investigator

Project Team

Department(s)

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Summary

The tasks for this project will concentrate on: 1) benchmarking the potential impacts of alternative fuel vehicles relative both to the incorporation of the use of such vehicles within the current structure of California residents activity/travel patterns, and 2) further development of the analysis framework to define feasible equilibrium states (both demand and infrastructure) associated with alternative fuel vehicle technologies:
– Task 1. Assemble coded activity/travel data from Statewide survey.
– Task 2. Analyze individual household activity patterns relative to adjustments that would be required to accommodate alternative fuel vehicle usage.
– Task 3. Estimate energy/emissions impacts of activity/travel patterns using alternative fuel vehicles.
– Task 4. Reexamine and refine HFCV station “set covering” model relative to the revealed activity/travel patterns of California residents as captured in the Statewide survey.
– Task 5. Continue development and refinement of dynamic demand model; examine general properties of equilibrium conditions.
– Task 6. Prepare reports documenting: 1) Estimation of energy/emissions impacts of executing existing activity/travel patterns using alternative fuel vehicles, and 2) Refinements made to overall framework used to model alternative futures.

Spatially focused Travel Survey Data Collection &: Analysis: Closing Data Gaps for Climate Change Policy

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

December 1, 2010 - June 30, 2015

Principal Investigator

Project Summary

This research will help close a crucial data gap in land use – travel behavior studies.  Current estimates of land use – travel behavior relationships are based on average effects for metropolitan areas or larger geographies.  That gives little insight into the effect of small-area land use policies such as targeted infill development, transit-oriented land uses near stations, or similarly localized policies.  In California, Senate Bill (SB) 375 requires that metropolitan planning organizations incorporate land use – transportation planning, but existing travel diary surveys have very few observations in areas of policy interest.  This research will pioneer methods to obtain travel data with sufficient spatial focus to inform current debates about how land use influences vehicle miles of travel.   We will obtain a target of 100 to 200 travel diary surveys in small neighborhoods of high policy relevance for SB 375.  We anticipate that the methods developed in this research will advance efforts toward low-cost, rapid travel data collection that can be used in before-and-after transportation program evaluations in the future.

Modeling Household Vehicle and Transportation Choice and Usage

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

March 1, 2012 - June 30, 2015

Principal Investigator

Department(s)

Economics

Project Summary

The ultimate goal of our research is to specify and estimate vehicle choice and usage models that operate a much higher level of detail, so that they can be used to produce improved tools for evaluating alternative policy options, particularly in the area of transportation energy usage and greenhouse gas reduction.  A particular concern is to fill a gap that clearly exists in relation to other policy analysis models.  For example, the current California State Travel Demand Model (CSTDM) system addresses many important transport-related effects at a very high level of detail, but limits personal vehicle behavior to a matter of car ownership levels and mode choice.  Although intended for analysis of long-term policies to combat climate change, it has essentially no capability to address emerging issues regarding alternative fuels and new vehicle technologies.  Similarly, the EMFAC model used by a variety of agencies to translate projections of future VMT into greenhouse gases bases its results on projecting trends tied to current vehicle technology sales distributions, efficiencies and usage patterns (with some correction terms based on current CAFÉ/greenhouse regulations). We have performed a detailed review of these and other models for the California Energy Commission, and have identified a variety of options for how these models could be modified or extended in conjunction with improved vehicle choice and usage models.  One particular outcome would be an extended version of the current CSTDM that could functionally replace current models used by the California Energy Commission (CEC), Caltrans, and the California Air Resources Board (ARB). 
This research will yield two key pieces of a proposed extended CSTDM: a detailed household vehicle choice model and a model that predicts the annual miles driven for each household vehicle.  Our previous research has uncovered serious biases in existing models that work at the level of vehicle classes (e.g. small compact, SUV, etc.), and we have demonstrated the feasibility of fitting models at the make/model/year level.  This year we will extend these models to include used vehicles, and we will also include network accessibility measures and stated preference data on new technology vehicles recently obtained from the CEC.  We will also develop a comprehensive method for imputing annual vehicle miles traveled from data collected in surveys similar to the National Household Transportation Survey (NHTS) and California Household Travel Survey (CHTS).

California Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

January 1, 2014 - June 30, 2015

Principal Investigator

Department(s)

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Summary

This project is to support development of the California Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey (CA-VIUS), which will focus on freight related vehicles operating in California, with questions designed to obtain annual freight truck activities, operational characteristics, physical characteristics, and the types of commodities carried at the state level. The survey results are needed for the development and validation of the Emissions Factors (EMFAC) model for the California Air Resources Board (CARB), since its assumptions for base and target years are based on VIUS data including vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and commodity and truck fleet characteristics. The survey results are also expected to yield key insights on the inventory and flow of different types of commodities and truck fleets that are critical for statewide freight travel demand modeling as well as forecasting transportation energy demand by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the California Energy Commission (CEC). Following the discontinuation of the VIUS at the national level by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2002, it has become a challenge to obtain equivalent data for satisfying the aforementioned needs. Thus, this first phase of the CA-VIUS study is proposed to build an appropriate survey framework as well as to implement a pilot survey in California in an effort to provide the necessary update of freight movement data for the State of California.
The final deliverables of this project will include the following: the proposed survey sample design with associated supporting methodology and data analysis, digitized pilot survey data with completed survey response sheets, statistical analysis of pilot survey results, freight related factors generated from pilot survey results, and a final report including a comprehensive survey framework, procedure, pilot survey implementation issues, and the corresponding responses to pilot survey implementation issues. While the pilot survey will only cover a selected sub-region of California based on the developed comprehensive survey framework, the pilot survey is expected to provide guidelines and be combined with later surveys applicable to the entire state of California, including the sub-region of the pilot survey. 

Proposal for Advancing the Value of the California Household Travel Survey to Caltrans

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

June 30, 2014 - September 30, 2015

Principal Investigator

Project Team

Department(s)

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Summary

University of California, Irvine,  Institute of Transportation Studies proposes to provide support to Caltrans to enhance the value of the 2010-12 California Household Travel Survey (CHTS). The 2010-12 CHTS, which resulted from a statewide, collaborative effort, enabled the collection of travel information from 42,560 Californian households. This rich dataset has helped update regional and statewide travel models, but it could also inform Caltrans planning efforts. As such it should be of interest not only to various state and transportation planning agencies across California, but also to staff from the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). However, the potential value of the CHTS is not always well understood by Caltrans staff. Moreover, some Caltrans staff from the Office of Travel Forecasting and Analysis may benefit from updating their knowledge of statistical modeling to comfortably query CHTS data and to estimate some common transportation econometrics models.
In this context, we are proposing to: 1) perform a systematic diagnostic review of the 2010-12 CHTS database for unlikely observations; 2) interview headquarters and district Caltrans staff in three (3) selected Caltrans Districts to better understand how they could benefit from using 2010-12 CHTS data and to help promote the use in their work of CHTS data; 3) provide hands-on statistical training and consulting to selected Caltrans staff in the Office of Travel Forecasting and Analysis in Sacramento and possibly to some district Caltrans staff (for a maximum of twelve (12) staff); 4) provide on-call statistical support to Caltrans staff from the Office of Travel Forecasting and Analysis; and 5) create a reference book of useful statistical commands based on actual case studies to make it easier to put the 2010-12 CHTS to work for Caltrans staff.
The work we are proposing will start during 2014 with visits of three (3) district offices to explore how CHTS data could be promoted to planning and modeling staff in Caltrans districts.  Once there is a clear understanding of District and HQ staff needs, training material will be developed to deliver training modules to staff in the Office of Travel Forecasting and Analysis.  The content of the training modules will be determined according to the findings from Headquarters (HQ) and District office visits.  Training will be delivered at UC Irvine and in Sacramento.  Finally, over the course of this project, a reference book of statistical techniques with Caltrans-based examples will be compiled

Infill Dynamics in Rail Transit Corridors; Challenges and Prospects for Integrating Transportation and Land Use Planning

Status

Complete

Project Timeline

May 12, 2015 - July 7, 2016

Principal Investigator