published journal article
Simulation studies of information propagation in a self-organizing distributed traffic information system
Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies
Publication Date
October 1, 2005
Archives: Research Products
published journal article
Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Increased Emergency Room Visits for Skin Diseases in Beijing, China
Toxics
Publication Date
May 1, 2021
Author(s)
Wanzhou Wang, Wenlou Zhang, Jingjing Zhao, Hongyu Li, Jun Wu, Furong Deng, Qingbian Ma, Xinbiao Guo
Abstract
Skin diseases have become a global concern. This study aims to evaluate the associations between ambient air pollution and emergency room visits for skin diseases under the background of improving air quality in China. Based on 45,094 cases from a general hospital and fixed-site monitoring environmental data from 2014–2019 in Beijing, China, this study used generalized additive models with quasi-Poisson regression to estimate the exposure–health associations at lag 0–1 to lag 0–7. PM2.5 and NO2 exposure were associated with increased emergency room visits for total skin diseases (ICD10: L00-L99). Positive associations of PM2.5, PM10, O3 and NO2 with dermatitis/eczema (ICD-10: L20–30), as well as SO2 and NO2 with urticaria (ICD-10: L50) visits were also found. For instance, a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with increases of 0.7% (95%CI: 0.2%, 1.2%) in total skin diseases visits at lag 0–5 and 1.1% (95%CI: 0.6%, 1.7%) in dermatitis/eczema visits at lag 0–1, respectively. For PM2.5, PM10 and CO, stronger annual associations were typically observed in the high-pollution (2014) and low-pollution (2018/2019) years. For instance, a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at lag 0–5 was associated with increases of 1.8% (95%CI: 1.0%, 2.6%) and 2.3% (95%CI: 0.4%, 4.3%) in total skin disease visits in 2014 and 2018, respectively. Our study emphasizes the necessity of controlling the potential health hazard of air pollutants on skin, although significant achievements in air quality control have been made in China.
Suggested Citation
Wanzhou Wang, Wenlou Zhang, Jingjing Zhao, Hongyu Li, Jun Wu, Furong Deng, Qingbian Ma and Xinbiao Guo (2021) “Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Increased Emergency Room Visits for Skin Diseases in Beijing, China”, Toxics, 9(5), p. 108. Available at: 10.3390/toxics9050108.
working paper
Performance Indicators for Transit Management
Publication Date
September 5, 1978
Associated Project
Author(s)
Working Paper
UCI-ITS-WP-78-1
Areas of Expertise
Abstract
Transit performance can be evaluated through quantitative indicators. As the provision of efficient and effective transit service are appropriate goals to be encouraged by federal and state governments, these goals are used to develop performance indicators. Three efficiency and four effectiveness indicators are described, together with two overall indicators. These nine indicators are analyzed for comparability utilizing operating and financial data collected from public transit agencies in California. Performance indicators selected for this study should not be viewed as final. Twenty-one performance indicators proposed by previous studies were reviewed. Theoretical considerations and unavailability or unreliability of data caused omission of several useful measures like passenger-miles. Circumstances such as improved data, emphasis upon goals other than efficiency and effectiveness, and local conditions might warrant the inclusion of indicators deleted from this research.
Suggested Citation
Gordon J. Fielding, Roy E. Glauthier and Charles A. Lave (1978) Performance Indicators for Transit Management. Working Paper UCI-ITS-WP-78-1. Institute of Transportation Studies, Irvine. Available at: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35q3s252.Related Publications
research report |
Dec 1977
Development of performance indicators for transit
published journal article |
Dec 1978
Performance indicators for transit management
Transportation
published journal article
Use of Low-Cost Sensors to Characterize Occupational Exposure to PM2.5 Concentrations Inside an Industrial Facility in Santa Ana, CA: Results from a Worker- and Community-Led Pilot Study
Atmosphere
Publication Date
May 1, 2022
Author(s)
Shahir Masri, Jose Rea, Jun Wu
Abstract
PM2.5 is an air contaminant that has been widely associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular health, leading to increased hospital admissions and mortality. Following concerns reported by workers at an industrial facility located in Santa Ana, California, workers and community leaders collaborated with experts in the development of an air monitoring pilot study to measure PM2.5 concentrations to which employees and local residents are exposed during factory operating hours. To detect PM2.5, participants wore government-validated AtmoTube Pro personal air monitoring devices during three separate workdays (5 AM–1:30 PM) in August 2021. Results demonstrated a mean PM2.5 level inside the facility of 112.3 µg/m3, nearly seven-times greater than outdoors (17.3 µg/m3). Of the eight workers who wore personal indoor sampling devices, five showed measurements over 100 μg/m3. Welding-related activity inside the facility resulted in the greatest PM2.5 concentrations. This study demonstrates the utility of using low-cost air quality sensors combined with employee knowledge and participation for the investigation of workplace air pollution exposure as well as facilitation of greater health-related awareness, education, and empowerment among workers and community members. Results also underscore the need for basic measures of indoor air pollution control paired with ongoing air monitoring within the Santa Ana facility, and the importance of future air monitoring studies aimed at industrial facilities.
Suggested Citation
Shahir Masri, Jose Rea and Jun Wu (2022) “Use of Low-Cost Sensors to Characterize Occupational Exposure to PM2.5 Concentrations Inside an Industrial Facility in Santa Ana, CA: Results from a Worker- and Community-Led Pilot Study”, Atmosphere, 13(5), p. 722. Available at: 10.3390/atmos13050722. published journal article
Does mobility matter? The neighborhood conditions of housing voucher holders by race and ethnicity
Housing Policy Debate
Publication Date
January 1, 2005
Author(s)
Abstract
Mobility is one mechanism used to address the federal goals of deconcentrating poverty and minorities. The Housing Choice Voucher Program relies on participants to make residential location decisions consistent with these goals. Our research investigates the level and impact of mobility on the neighborhood quality of voucher holders, their neighborhood conditions by race and ethnicity, and perceived obstacles to mobility within the jurisdiction of a Southern California housing authority. About one-third of the sample moved during the study, and moving resulted in improved neighborhoods for only one subset of movers. Minorities live in more impoverished, overcrowded neighborhoods than nonminorities, even when controlling for mobility status, contract rent, and other factors. Further, most voucher holders see the lack of rental units as a major obstacle to mobility. These findings suggest that current policy is not uniformly achieving deconcentration and that real and perceived barriers to mobility exist, especially for minorities.
Suggested Citation
Victoria Basolo and Mai Thi Nguyen (2005) “Does mobility matter? The neighborhood conditions of housing voucher holders by race and ethnicity”, Housing Policy Debate, 16(3-4), pp. 297–324. Available at: 10.1080/10511482.2005.9521546. published journal article
Autonomous surface vehicle multistep look-ahead measurement location planning for optimal localization of underwater acoustic transponders
IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems
Publication Date
December 1, 2019
Author(s)
Jesse R. Garcia, Jay A. Farrell, Zaher Kassas, Michael T. Ouimet
Suggested Citation
Jesse R. Garcia, Jay A. Farrell, Zaher M. Kassas and Michael T. Ouimet (2019) “Autonomous surface vehicle multistep look-ahead measurement location planning for optimal localization of underwater acoustic transponders”, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 55(6), pp. 2836–2849. Available at: 10.1109/taes.2019.2909253. working paper
Performance Evaluation for Fixed Route Transit: The Key to Quick, Efficient and Inexpensive Analysis
Publication Date
December 1, 1983
Author(s)
Gordon (Pete) Fielding, Timlynn L. Babitsky, Mary E. Brenner
Working Paper
UCI-ITS-WP-83-7
Areas of Expertise
Abstract
This research uses FY 1980 Section 15 data to identify and test a set of seven key performance indicators that are useful for nationwide, fixed route, motor bus transit performance evaluation. These indicators can be used together or individually to assess transit performance, for a single system or for cross-system comparison. The second year of Section 15 data is also used to evaluate the validity of an earlier analysis based on the first year data. Rigorous cleaning, verifying and grooming procedures carried out before analysis insured that the current input data was as complete as possible. Careful decisions regarding which variables to keep and/or drop from the analysis provided the best possible set of performance indicators available in the FY 1980 Section 15 data. Use of four parallel data sets and several exploratory factor analyses detected the simple underlying structure of the data. Rigorous testing verified the structure as the most salient performance dimensions. The small subset of seven key performance indicators was identified and tested as representative of these dimensions. Results here are compared to the earlier analysis. The strength of the current research lies in both the quality of the data used and the rigor with which it was tested throughout. A strong case is made for using the seven identified performance indicators for motor bus transit performance evaluation.
Suggested Citation
Gordon J. Fielding, Timlynn L. Babitsky and Mary E. Brenner (1983) Performance Evaluation for Fixed Route Transit: The Key to Quick, Efficient and Inexpensive Analysis. Working Paper UCI-ITS-WP-83-7. Institute of Transportation Studies, Irvine. Available at: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tr1g0n9. conference paper
Advances in modelling network dynamics incorporating behavioural considerations
Travel Behaviour research in an Evolving World, selected papers from the 12th International Conference on Travel behavior Research
Publication Date
January 1, 2012
Author(s)
Andre de Palma, R. (Jay) Jayakrishnan, Karthik C Konduri
Suggested Citation
Andre de Palma, R Jayakrishnan and Karthik C Konduri (2012) “Advances in modelling network dynamics incorporating behavioural considerations”, in R.M. Pendyala and C.R. Bhat (eds.) Travel Behaviour research in an Evolving World, selected papers from the 12th International Conference on Travel behavior Research. Lulu. com, pp. 367–372. book/book chapter
Multiple imputation methodology for missing data, non-random response, and panel attrition
Publication Date
January 1, 1998
Author(s)
Suggested Citation
David Brownstone (1998) “Multiple imputation methodology for missing data, non-random response, and panel attrition”, in Theoretical foundations of travel choice modeling. Elsevier, pp. 421–449. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008043062-1/50019-1. book/book chapter
Conclusion: Reflections and Lessons from the Pandemic
Publication Date
January 1, 2023
Author(s)
Alexandre M. Bayen, R. (Jay) Jayakrishnan, Giovanni Circella, Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris
Abstract
This concluding chapter presents a summary of the research findings in the previous chapters, along with some reflections for each of the five themes of the book and a discussion of necessary future responses (post-pandemic or in the event of a new pandemic) and topics that require further exploration. The pandemic brought into sharp relief pre-existing social disparities and affected vulnerable populations the most. The economic impacts of the pandemic were diverse and varied by geography, but again certain geographies and economic sectors were more buffered from negative outcomes than others. A lesson and a challenge for policymakers is to find ways to understand and reduce these disparities, instead of pushing them under the rug. The impacts on mobility and travel were dramatic as total trips decreased, transit usage fell dramatically, and telecommuting and active modes of transportation increased. Some positive impacts included an improved air quality, a reduced number of traffic crashes, and a proliferation of walking and biking in some neighbourhoods. As cities are slowly recovering from the pandemic, the challenge is to keep the positive impacts but also find ways to help the transit industry rebound from its plunge. Long-term impacts of the pandemic in terms of changing patterns of work and work arrangements, shopping, recreation, and other human activities that will affect travel need additional time and more research to discern.